Blue and Green Biotechnology

The term blue biotechnology has also been used to describe the marine and aquatic applications of biotechnology but its use is relatively rare. The investments and economic output of all of these types of applied biotechnologies form what has been described as the bioeconomy. Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field which addresses biological problems using computational techniques and makes the rapid organization and analysis of biological data possible.

The field may also be referred to as computational biology and can be defined as conceptualizing biology in terms of molecules and then applying informatics techniques to understand and organize the information associated with these molecules on a large scale. Bioinformatics plays a key role in various areas such as functional genomics structural genomics and proteomics and forms a key component in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical sector.Pharmacogenomics is the study of how the genetic inheritance of an individual affects hisher body response to drugs. It is a coined word derived from the world pharmacology and genomics.

It is hence the study of the relationship between pharmaceuticals and genetics. The vision of pharmacogenomics is to be able to design and produce drugs that are adapted to each person genetic makeup.. Development of tailormade medicines. Using pharmacogenomics pharmaceutical companies can create drugs based on the proteins enzymes and RNA molecules that are associated with specific genes and diseases.

These tailormade drugs promise not only to maximize therapeutic effects but also to decrease damage to nearby healthy cells.. More accurate methods of determining appropriate drug dosages. Knowing a patient genetics will enable doctors to determine how well his her body can process and metabolize a medicine. This will maximize the value of the medicine and decrease the likelihood of overdose.

SEQUENCE ANALYSE

BioTechnology has applications in four major industrial areas including health care crop production and agriculture non food uses of crops . Biodegradable plastics vegetable oil biofuels and environmental uses. One application of biotechnology is the directed use of organisms for the manufacture of organic products examples include beer and milk products. Another example is using naturally present bacteria by the mining industry in bioleaching. Biotechnology is also used to recycle treat waste clean up sites contaminated by industrial activities bioremediation and also to produce biological weapons.

Red biotechnology is applied to medical processes. Some examples are the designing of organisms to produce antibiotics and the engineering of genetic cures through genomic manipulation.White biotechnologyalso known as industrial biotechnology is biotechnology applied to industrial processes. An example is the designing of an organism to produce a useful chemical.

Another example is the using of enzymes as industrial catalysts to either produce valuable chemicals or destroy hazardouspolluting chemicals examples using oxidoreducatses are given in Feng Applications of oxidoreductases Recent progress Ind. Biotechnol. White biotechnology tends to consume less in resources than traditional processes used to produce industrial goods.Green biotechnology is biotechnology applied to agricultural processes. An example is the designing of transgenic plants to grow under specific environmental conditions or in the presence or absence of certain agricultural chemicals.

One hope is that green biotechnology might produce more environmentally friendly solutions than traditional industrial agriculture. An example of this is the engineering of a plant to express a pesticide thereby eliminating the need for external application of pesticides. An example of this would be Bt corn that green biotechnology .